These submarines are 170 meters long and can travel up to 29 knots when submerged. Russian Navy possesses three Project 955 “Borei-class” (NATO: Dolgorukiy) SSBNs. 23 The Ryazan K-44 is operational with Russia’s Pacific Fleet on the Kamchatka Peninsula. Its weapons system is armed with R-29 R (NATO designation: SS-N-18 Stingray) SLBMs, torpedoes, and Type 86R Vodopad anti-submarine missiles. This submarine is 155 meters long and can travel up to 25 knots when submerged. 22 Kalmar-Class (NATO: Delta-III)Īfter retiring two Delta III submarines in early 2018 (the Podolsk (K223) and the Svyatoy Georgiy Pobedonosets (K433), the Russian Navy now possesses one Project 667BDR “Kalmar-class” (NATO: Delta III) SSBN, the Ryazan K-44. Four to five of the six Delta IV-class vessels are operational at any given time. 21 The Delta IV-class submarines have also been upgraded to carry modified SS-N-23 SLBMs known as Sinevas, each of which can carry up to four warheads. Their weapons systems are armed with R-29M Shtil SLBMs, torpedoes, and Type 86R Vodopad anti-submarine missiles. These submarines are 167 meters long and can travel up to 22 knots when submerged. These vessels were built between 1985 to 1992 and are all part of the Northern Fleet based at Yagelnaya Bay on the Kola Peninsula. The Russian Navy possesses six Project 667BDRM “Delfin-class” (NATO: Delta IV) SSBNs. 20 Ship Biographies Delfin-Class (NATO: Delta-IV) In 2017, the Russian government announced a plan to replace several diesel-electric Kilo-class submarines with six Project 677 “Lada-class” (NATO: St. SSK Volkhov entered the Russian pacific fleet in October 2020. 18 The Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky was delivered to the Russian Navy December 2019. In March 2019, the Russian Navy launched its first Project 636.3 vessel, the Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, and laid down the second vessel, the Volkhov. In 2016, the Russian government signed a contract for the construction of six Project 636.3 (Varshavyanka) submarines. Then, in April 2019, Russia launched the Project 9852 Belgorod, a submarine that can launch the Status-6 torpedo. 16 In his March 2018 speech, President Vladimir Putin confirmed that the torpedo was under development. The torpedo-referred to as the Status-6 or “Poseidon” in Russia and the “Kanyon” in the United States-is fitted with a 100- megaton nuclear warhead designed to create radioactive tsunamis. In 2015, a Russian media broadcast displayed plans for a new long-range nuclear-powered torpedo. 14 As of July 2019, the Irkutsk is the only Antey-class submarine to be upgraded. Their goal is to extend the service life of these vessels by twenty years as well as fit them with Kalibr cruise missiles by 2021. In 2015, the Russian Ministry of Defence announced plans to upgrade and repair twelve existing Antey-class SSGN submarines. These vessels are almost identical to the previous Borei-class submarines but will be capable of firing long-range cruise missiles. 12 In April 2019, the Russian Ministry of Defense announced plans to build two new Borei-K-class nuclear submarines. 11 While expenses mount, the Russian government remains committed to the modernization program-viewed as imperative to maintain its nuclear deterrent. 10 In 2017, Russia launched its first Borei-A class submarine, ‘Knyaz Vladimir,’ which features incremental upgrades to the original design. This has led to delays in the Borei-class construction program and forced the Russian Navy to retain two aging Kalmar-class (NATO: Delta III) boats in service. 9 Despite enlarging its defense budget, the Russian Navy faces a considerable backlog of modernization, maintenance, and dismantlement tasks. First launched in 1996, the Borei-class are set to replace the aging Typhoon-class, Kalmar-class ( NATO: Delta III), and Delfin-class (NATO: Delta IV) submarines. The Borei-class (NATO: Dolgorukiy) SSBNs are instrumental to Russia’s post-Cold War strategic arsenal. 7 In June 2019, Russia signed a contract with the shipbuilding company Sevmash for two Project 885-M Yasen-class nuclear-powered attack submarines. This vessel is expected to enter service February 2021. In 2017, Russia launched its second Yasen-class submarine, the Kazan. 6 The Russian Navy plans to replace both its SSNs and SSGNs with the multirole Project 885-M Yasen-class submarines. In 1993, Russia began construction on a Yasen-class submarine, the Severodvisnk (K-885), but did not commission this vessel until 2014. Since the fall of the Soviet Union, Russia has embarked on multiple extensive projects to improve its submarine fleet.
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